Lamp-burner



(No Model.)

J.. H. IRWIN.

LAMP BURNER. Nor 250,364. Patented Dec. 6,1881.

N. PETERS, Pnnm-uuw lmr. Washinglnn. n. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFICEQ- JOHN H. IRWIN, OF MORTON, PENNSYLVANIA.

LAMP-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 250,364, dated December 6, 1881.

Application filed August 27, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JOHN H. IRWIN, of Morton, in the county of Delaware and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Lamp-Burners, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, and the letters marked thereon.

My invention relates especially to that class of burners employed in lamps consuming hydrocarbon oils, and has for its object the production of a simple, cheap, and effective device, the merit of which consists in safety in use, all danger from explosion being obviated; and my invention involves certain novel and useful combinations or arrangements of parts and peculiarities of construction and operation, all of which will be hereinafter first fully described and then pointed out in the claims.

It is a well-known fact that serious accidents often occur, involving loss of property and life, from the use of inferior lamp-burners, the lamp exploding and scattering its burning contents upon surrounding objects. Such accidents are mainly due to the formation of gases within the body of the lamp, the space therein not 00- cupied by the oil becoming filled with vapor or gas generated by the heat of the flame, or with air from the surrounding atmosphere, or a mix ture of both. When air is mixed with the gases and the flame is reversed by wind blowing down the chimney, or from any other cause, this mixture is ignited, a sudden expansion takes place, and sufficient means for escape not being provided the lamp often bursts, causing damage to life and property. By the use of my improved burner accidents of this nature are. impossible.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation and partial section of a lamp to which isattached a burner (shown in section) illustrating my invention, and Fig. 2 is a modification of the burner shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan View of the bottom of the burner.

Like letters of reference wherever they occur indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

A is the oil-fount or body of the lamp, the same being shown as provided with a handle, A, for carrying the lamp. At the top of the oil-fount is located the usual screw-threaded collar, B, for the reception of the burner.

C is the base or outside of the burner, formed in the usual manner.

0 O are perforations supplying air to the under side of the burner-cone to support combustion.

D is a wick-tube of requisite shape and dimensions', and E is the ratchet for operating the wick.

(l are holes out through the metal of the burner-shell, at the bottom thereof, upon each side of the wick-tube. By careful experiment I have determined the relative dimensions necessary to give these perforations with respect to the size of the oil-fount. If the interior measurement of the oil-fount be about fifty cubic inches, the united area of perforations 0 should be about one-fourth of a square inch, and this relative proportion should be followed, whatever he the number of perforations employed.

F is a cone fitting into the shoulder a formed within the base 0. Said cone covers the ratchetwheel and shaft, as shown, and is cut away around the wick-tube at f, the area of this perforation upon the outside of the wick-tube substantially correspondingto that shown at 0 G is a perforated plate, extending across the burner in the usual manner, said plate being cut away at G upon each side of the Wicktube, as before described in cone F.

H is the burner-cone, the edges of the same forming the support for the chimney. In the drawings I have shown it as provided with spring-catch I, hinge J, and screw K, for bolding the chimney in place, but it is obvious that my device may be applied to any style of burner.

The oil-fount is perforated at L, and a collar, 1, formed around the perforation, over which fits a cap, M, the whole constituting a simple filler.

The burner shown in Fig. 2 is the same in construction as that shown in Fig. 1, with the exception of cone F and plate G. In this form said cone, as well as plate G, are filled with Davys safety-lamp perforations, instead of being cut away around the wick-tube.

The operation of my device is as follows:

IOC

Should gas be generated within the oil-fount 1nd from any cause become ignited, the per- E'orations G f(or in the burner shown in Fig. 2, the small perforations in F) and G form a passage of sufficient capacity to carry away the carbonic-acid gas, relieving the oil-fount at pressure, while at the same time the flame 3f the burner will be instantly smothered out or extinguished.

It will thus be seen that my improved burner practically overcomes the danger which has always existed in the use of lamps burning hydrocarbon oils, and even when careless attempts are made to extinguish the light by blowing down the chimney no evil results will follow.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim as new therein, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. Alamp-burnertorhydrocarbonoils,wherein the outside shell or base is cut away at bottom around the wick-tube and the directingcone F and plate G are cut away in like manner, leaving a direct passage from the interior of the oil-fount to the under side of the burnercone, adapted and arranged to relieve the fount from pressure and extinguish the flame at the shown and described.

2. In a lamp-burner for hydrocarbon oils, the combination, with the outside shell thereof cut away at bottom, of the cone thereabove, open around the wick-tube, and the perforated plate located below the burner-cone and cut away around the wick-tube in like manner, the whole adapted and arranged to relieve the oilfount from pressure and extinguish the flame of the lamp in case of ignition of gas generated in the body of the lamp, substantially as set forth.

3. In a lam p-burner for hydrocarbon oils, the outside shell th ereofcut away at bottom around the wick-tube, the foraminated wall or cone, and the perforated plate thereabove, the whole combined and arranged to operate substantially as shown and described.

4. In a lamp-burner, the base (J, cutaway around the wick-tube, cone F, and perforated plate G, the whole combined and arranged to operate substantially as and for the uses and purposes shown and described.

In testimonythat I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two witnesses.

JOHN H. IRWIN.

Witnesses:

F. W. HANAFORD, A. M. PIERCE. 

